spiders

Arachnids / It is the largest order in this class, as it includes more than 40,000 species in 3,700 genera and more than a hundred families. A small animal and its male is called a spider, while its female is the spider, and she is the one who builds the house and the number of threads reaches 400,000 threads and the length of one thread is 20 cm

The spider has eight legs and four pairs of eyes. It uses threads to catch its prey, and its threads are considered one of the strongest natural fibers. It has neither wings nor organs for chewing. It does not belong to the class of insects, but to arachnids, a branch of arthropods. It is thus related to scorpions, ticks, weevils and some marine arthropods. The spider family is widespread and diverse, living in all climates and at all altitudes, and there are about 500 species in Morocco, of which about 380 species are known, belonging to 30 origins

The silk thread, which the spider weaves with the art of its web, is in fact a group of threads wrapped together, the thickness of a human hair is 400 times the thickness of a spider’s thread. However, these yarns, which are soft and stretchable by twenty percent of their volume without rupture, despite their extreme thinness and transparency, are the toughest natural fibers ever, and have a stress strength even stronger than that of steel, and therefore they are called biological steel. And the female spider is the one who weaves this silk thread, by means of three spindles in the lower abdomen, connected to small glands, which secrete the material from which the threads are formed

The female spider engineer the web and weaves it, with high skill, with curved or straight threads, in a symmetrical arrangement of spaces between them, in a circular or triangular shape with a wonderful design. Where she uses the pressure of her stomach, to push the silk threads out of the six glands in her stomach, and she ties the end of the first thread, known as the bridge, to the stem of a herb or a leaf, and then drops to the ground with the tuft, while she continues the process of weaving

Then it descends to the ground and climbs to another high point, to pull the thread strongly, and tie it in place well using an adhesive substance that comes out from one of its glands as well. First, it installs a tuft always horizontally, then drops two silk threads at each end of the first thread, to form other bridges. It is lower than the first, which will become the basis of the work network, after which it spins several threads within this work network, provided that the threads meet together in the middle, and here comes the smart work

Where it puts the adhesive on the outer threads of the net only, and when it is completely finished making the net, it completes the process of putting the glue inside and on some sections only so that it leaves a place for it to move on easily, after completing the net, the spider makes a small nest for it nearby, and usually it wrapping a leaf and making herself a comfortable bed of silk inside; Because, of course, she may wait a long time before her first victim arrives

Finally, it connects an alarm thread between its nest and the tissue, so that it feels any vibration that may occur on the fabric to know what it will deal with, and because of the severe weakness of vision, then the spider depends on its other senses to determine the characteristics of the prey, if it is huge and deadly, it releases it from afar, but if it is They are large and cannot be eaten like a dragonfly, so you will wrap them with silk threads from afar as well, using another specialized organ, the staphylococcus gland

The insect stresses itself by trying to break free from the trap, after that the spider begins to advance towards it through the safe threads that it left for itself without an adhesive substance, and if it happens to make a mistake once and put its legs on the adhesive substance, its body will secrete a substance like oil that acts as a chemical analyzer for the glue, helping it to move freely Once again, the spider injects its prey with a poison that paralyzes it, then empties into it its saliva, which dissolves the internal organs of the prey, so it absorbs liquid, thus getting rid of the hollow structure of the prey. The digestive process then takes place outside her stomach, and therefore she keeps her prey alive, in order to stay fresh