Planes                                                                                                                                                   

          The history of aviation goes back several centuries, but the nineteenth century marked the beginning of the first successful and safe flight by air balloon. In the period from World War I to World War II and beyond, there was a technological development that led to the emergence of aircraft with propulsion engines, and the development has continued to this day.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               

 Some aircraft are controlled electronically from afar and are called remote control aircraft. The majority are controlled by a crew of individuals, which in the past consisted of four people - the commander, the assistant, the navigator, and a mechanical engineer. With technological progress, the navigator and the mechanical engineer were dispensed with, so that the team controlling the aircraft was limited to two individuals, the commander and the assistant. , and commander only in small aircraft.                                                                                                                                                                  The most modern types of technology that science has ever achieved are used in the aircraft industry, whether in the field of mixing metals related to the external structure of the aircraft or in the electromechanical sciences related to the aircraft’s flight and landing system. As for the outer fuselage, it is made of an alloy of steel and aluminum, an alloy that gives the strength of steel and the lightness of aluminum. The fuselage of the plane consists of sheets of this alloy connected to each other through four- or six-row wedge connections, such as those used in building steam boilers, which gives these connections great tensile strength. Greater pressure bearing strength. Engineers and aircraft structural workers are usually prohibited from using pencils because they contain carbon, which in turn reacts with aluminum Forming holes and gaps in the fuselage of the aircraft. Many metals have recently been used in the manufacture of aircraft fuselages, especially if we are talking about the fuselages of military aircraft, the fuselages of which many modifications have been made to absorb radar waves, concealment, and withstand missile missiles.                                                                                                                                     As for the engines in the plane, they rely on the principle of jet propulsion in horizontal planes and usually consist of several huge fans lined up behind each other, forming the engine that runs on kerosene derived from petroleum. As for helicopters, they rely on four blades that rotate and pull the air downward, so that the body in turn rises upward. As for its forward and backward movement, this is done by the tilt of the rotating blades in both directions.