the shortest

                               the shortest                                                                                                                                             

           Luxor/ An Egyptian city called the City of a Hundred Gates or the City of the Sun, formerly known as Thebes, is the capital of Egypt in the Pharaonic era, located on the banks of the Nile River, which divides it into two parts, the eastern and western mainland, and is the capital of Luxor Governorate in southern Egypt, located between latitude 25 It is about 670 km from the Egyptian capital, Cairo, about 220 km from the north of Aswan, about 56 km from the south of Qena, and about 280 km from the southwest of Hurghada. It is bordered on the north by the center of Qus and the governorate of Qena. And from the south, Edfu Center and Aswan Governorate, and from the east the Red Sea Governorate, and from the west the Armant Center and the New Valley Governorate, the nearest sea ports to the city is the port of Safaga, and the                             nearest airport to it is Luxor International Airport     

                                                                                                            

                                                                                                    The area of ​​Luxor is about 416 km², and the inhabited area is 208 km², with a population of approximately 487,896 people, according to the 2010 census. And its affiliated villages are Al-Bayadiyah, Al-Adaysat Bahri, Al-Adaysat Kebili, Al-Tod, Al-Baghdadi, and Al-Habil. The Karnak Temple, the Rams Road linking the two temples, and the Luxor Museum. As for the western bank, it includes the Valley of the Kings, the Deir el-Bahari Temple, the Valley of the Queens, Deir el-Medina, the Ramesseum Temple, and the Colossi of Memnon                                                                                                                                                                                                                   The founding of the city of Thebes dates back to the era of the Fourth Dynasty around the year 2575 BC. Until the era of the Middle Kingdom, Thebes was nothing more than a group of simple adjacent huts, and despite that, it was used as a cemetery to bury the dead, as the rulers of the regions were buried in it since the era of the Old Kingdom and until After that, the city of Thebes later became the capital of Egypt in the era of the Eleventh Egyptian Dynasty at the hands of Pharaoh Mentuhotep I, who succeeded in uniting the country again after the chaos that befell Egypt in the era of the first decay, and the city of Thebes remained the capital of the Egyptian state until the fall of the rule of Pharaohs and the thirty-first family at the hands of the Persians 332 BC