Mexico

Mexico is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States, on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean, on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea, and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico

Mexico is one of the largest economies in the world and is considered a regional and middle power. In addition, Mexico was the first member of Latin America to join the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (since 1994) and is considered an above-average income country. Mexico is a new industrialized country and an emerging power. It possesses the thirteenth and eleventh nominal GDP by purchasing power parity. Its economy is closely related to its North American Free Trade Agreement partners, especially the United States. Mexico is ranked first in the Americas and fifth in the world for the number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites of 31, and in 2007 it was the tenth by number of visitors in the world with 21.4 million international tourists annually

The Tropic of Cancer divides the country into temperate and tropical regions. Lands north of the 24th latitude experience cool temperatures during the winter months. While the lands south of the 24th latitude experience relatively constant temperatures throughout the year and differ only according to the height above sea level. This makes Mexico one of the most diverse weather systems in the world

Many parts of Mexico, especially in the north, have an arid climate with intermittent rainfall, while parts of the tropical lowlands in the south have an average annual rainfall of more than 2000 mm. For example, many cities in the north such as Monterrey, Hermosio, and Mexicali have temperatures of 40 ° C or more in the summer. In the Sonora Desert, temperatures reach 50 ° C or more

Mexico is located between latitudes 14 ° and 33 ° N, and longitudes 86 ° and 119 ° W in the southern part of North America. Almost all of Mexico lies on the North American Plate, with small portions of the Baja California Peninsula on the Pacific and Cocos Plates. Geophysically speaking, some geographers include the region east of the Isthmus of Taiwan (about 12% of the total) within Central America. Geopolitically, Mexico is completely within North America, along with Canada and the United States

Mexico shares a 3,141 km long border with the United States in its north. The meandering of the Bravo del Norte (known as the Great River in the United States) delineates the boundary from Ciudad Juarez to the east to the Gulf of Mexico. A series of natural and artificial markings delineate the US-Mexican border west from Ciudad Juarez to the Pacific Ocean. From the south, Mexico has 871 km of the border with Guatemala and 251 km of the border with Belize

Mexico is one of the eighteen highly biodiverse countries in the world. More than 200,000 different species live in the country, making Mexico home to 10-12% of the world's biodiversity. Mexico ranks first in reptile biodiversity with 707 known species, it also ranks second in mammals with 438 species, fourth in amphibians with 290 species, and fourth in plants with 26,000 different species. Mexico is also the second country in the world in an ecosystem and fourth in the total species population. There are about 2,500 species that are protected under Mexican legislation

Mexico is the world's 23rd largest spender of tourism in the world and the highest in Latin America. The vast majority of tourists to Mexico come from the United States and Canada, and other visitors come from Europe and Asia. A small number of tourists also come from other Latin American countries. In the 2008 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index, Mexico was fifth among Latin American countries and ninth in the Americas

Mexico City is most popular with tourists as an ancient city of Central America and the site of many famous attractions such as the Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon. The city is also home to the Plaza of Mexico and the Mexican National Palace, which were built on the site of the Palace of Montezuma and the colossal capital cathedral, the largest in the Western Hemisphere, which was built on top of the larger temple of Teocale

The city of Guadalajara in the state of Jalisco, which is the second most populous city in the country, is home to some well-known Mexican traditions such as tequila, mariachi and charos or Mexican cowboys. The similarity with the cities of Western Europe mixed with modern architecture and infrastructure makes Guadalajara very attractive to tourists. In addition to Mexico City and its beach destinations (Canc وأn, Acapulco, etc.), Guadalajara is one of the most visited cities in Mexico. Cultural tourism is the main attraction in the city, which has a large number of museums, art galleries and theaters

As for Monterrey, which was founded in the late sixteenth century, it has an old town center surrounded by new neighborhoods. The Museum of Mexican History, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Monterrey, the Metropolitan Museum in Monterrey and the State Palace Museum, are some of the best-known museums in the city as well as nationally. The Santa Lucia Riverwalk is a popular tourist site linking the Fundidora Park with the Macroplaza, one of the largest squares in the world