Dead Sea

Dead Sea

The Dead Sea / is a closed salt lake located in the groove of the Jordan Valley within the Syrian-African fissure, on the border line separating Jordan and occupied Palestine.

The Dead Sea is known to be the lowest point on the surface of the globe, as its shore level reached about 400 meters below sea level, according to records in 2013. The Dead Sea is also characterized by its strong salinity, where the percentage of salts in it is about 34%, which represents nine times the concentration of salts In the Mediterranean, one of the highest salinity levels in water bodies in the world. These salts resulted because the lake is a final destination for the water that flows into it, as there is no way out for it after it.

The Dead Sea has historically been called several ancient names in the Old Testament such as: "Sea of ​​Salt", "Sea of ​​Chariot", "" East Sea ", and" Deep Nebula ". During the reign of Jesus Christ, he was known as "the sea of ​​death", and "the sea of ​​Sodom" in relation to the neighboring Sodom region. It was also called the "stinking lake" because its waters and beaches have a stench.

 Lake Zghar was also named after the town of Zugr, which was located on its southeastern shore, and it was called "Bahr al-Zaft," in relation to the pieces of pitch that sometimes floated on its surface, especially when earthquakes occurred.

Some of the residents of the area were trading in the asphalt pieces they extracted and sold. As Al-Maqdisi mentioned it in his book “The Best Divisions in Knowledge of the Territories” as “The Inverted Lake”. It was also named "Lake Lot" in relation to the Prophet Lot who lived and his people near him before suffering them. As for the Greeks, they were the first to be called the "Dead Sea" because there was no life in it.

The Dead Sea was also called the sea that does not drown anyone. There are no fish or organisms due to the high salinity of the water.

1- The importance and benefits of the Dead Sea

It is the therapeutic benefits of the Dead Sea Mud and the Dead Sea Mud, which treats many incurable skin diseases, such as vitiligo, eczema, smooth rough skin, gives the skin vitality and freshness, acne, tightens the skin and gives it flexibility and helps to retain its moisture and prevent it from being dehydrated.

 It treats arthritis and rheumatism and relieves its pain. It is useful for cancer patients, who are receiving chemotherapy. It gives muscles relaxation and flexibility. Stimulates positive energy in the body, and gives calm and calm.

Dead Sea mud contains high levels of magnesium, calcium, potassium, boron, strontium and iron. Dead Sea air contains negative charges that treat asthma, and it contains double amounts of ozone, which gives a feeling of positivity and optimism. The concentration of oxygen in the Dead Sea air is the highest concentration of air in the world, which makes it fresh for blood and breaths.

The Dead Sea water contains high concentrations of sulfates, carbonates and bromine, making it an essential tributary for the manufacture and export of chemicals.

The level of the Dead Sea has recently suffered from a steady decline, as this is due to a number of main reasons, such as the extensive use of water sources, the most important of which is the Jordan River, and pumping water in the southern basin, where the Dead Sea currently consists of two basins; north and south divided by the tongue peninsula.

 As a result of the continuous decline of this level, the southern part of the lake was exposed to drought, as the southern part is less deep than its northern counterpart, and its beach level reaches 401 meters below sea level.

With the drying of the southern part, ponds were established to evaporate water and produce potash and other chemical materials such as manganese, magnesium and bromine in the Israeli potash plants and the Arab Potash Company in Jordan. These pools require large pumping and evaporation of the Dead Sea water, which has a great impact on the increase in sea level decline

The annual rate of sea level decline during the past decade has reached an amount equal to that of a full year, with the level declining about one meter per year. This rate increased significantly in 2012, as the sea level drop was 1.40 meters.

The cumulative decrease in the water level has also led to major changes in the topography of the neighboring regions and in the Mediterranean, including irreversible changes in the northern part, from the creation of sewers, the withdrawal of beaches, damage to infrastructure (roads and bridges) and nature reserves .