Overpopulation

Overpopulation

It is represented in the large increase in the population numbers in a region, so that the number of newborns increases at a time when the number of deaths decreases significantly, and this population increase is in light of the stability of the available resources, which leads to a great pressure on these resources and is accompanied by many The economic, political, social and cultural impacts also affect directly the level of life and services in the regions that witness this increase.

Reasons for overpopulation

1- The great development in the aspect of women's reproductive health care, where specialized centers appeared in following up cases of pregnant women, caring for them and developing childbirth processes, which encouraged an increase in the number of births.

2- The development of health care in light of the scientific and technological development that appeared in the twentieth century, which led to the expansion in the treatment and control of serious and chronic diseases, and the accompanying medical and laboratory equipment for the early detection of these diseases, which reduced the death rates to the maximum extent And thus increased the population.

3- Migrations from one region to another, due to the bloody wars that the world witnessed after what is called the phenomenon of globalization, which was accompanied by intense and bloody competition, whether on the economic or political level between the countries of the world.

Social effects of overpopulation

1- The spread of poverty, the high crime rate, and family disintegration.

2- The unjust distribution of services between individuals, which leads to feelings of hatred, social isolation, unhappiness, and a feeling of instability.

3- Depriving a large number of individuals of the means of well-being in life, so that their only concern becomes providing the basics of living.

Economic effects of overpopulation

The deterioration of the vegetation cover is considered one of the most important environmental problems that the world faces as a result of the imbalance in the relationship between man and the environment.

Among the most important causes of degradation of vegetation: animal husbandry and overgrazing. Logging passively, randomly and disorganized in the woods, and used for commercial purposes such as charcoal and furniture. The migration of rural people, thus neglecting and degrading agricultural land.

Increasing the state’s expenditures on basic services, such as education, health, transportation, protection, security, and housing, because the high population leads to a shortage and an increase in demand for it, so that this consumption spending is at the expense of development expenditures and the funds allocated to investment projects such as industry and agriculture And trade, which depletes the state’s resources.

The spread of the phenomenon of unemployment among individuals, especially among the educated, which leads to brain drain and scientific competencies abroad.

The apparent decrease in the percentage of wages in the private and government sectors, due to the availability of a lot of manpower, and that the population increase may lead to higher prices for goods and services due to the increase in demand for them in a manner that is not commensurate with the proportion of wages, which leads to a decrease in the standard of living of individuals.

The high prices of housing units, due to the difficulty in providing the necessary numbers to meet the needs of new families, in addition to the fact that the population increase leads to urban encroachment on agricultural lands, low agricultural production, and thus the impact on the state's economy.

 The collapse of public utilities as a result of increased pressure on them, and insufficient investment needed to renovate and expand them, such as: power outages and water.

Traffic problems and congestion arise, which affect individuals ’access to their jobs and jobs, and thus influence the production process.

Increasing consumption among individuals, and thus reducing their savings that they save for investment purposes, which leads to reducing the possibility of raising the level of national income for individuals, as the national income becomes less than its previous rates, and this leads to a decrease in the standard of living for individuals in the state.

Consumption of natural resources Natural resources are important to meet the needs of people, this is a challenge as increased population growth rates put pressure on natural resources, which imposes a heavy burden on countries, especially those with limited environmental resources, so it has become difficult to meet basic needs.

 And if that is at the current levels of consumption, the population pressure on arable lands also contributes to land degradation, which affects the productive resource base of the economy, and it is indicated that increased resource consumption at all levels has resulted from environmental pollution and global warming, so there is a necessity To impose control over the population, as well as protect natural and environmental resources.

Impact of population distribution on the environment There is no doubt that humans travel permanently around the world, but conflicts or government policies can lead to more of these migrations, which leads most times to environmental damage, either short or long-term, for example, the ongoing wars contributed to flight Millions of refugees from their countries.

 This migration can be defined as unplanned migration, as a result of large numbers of refugees, and this sudden development may result in what are known as refugee camps, which affects the water supply, or may cause land damage, such as: cutting down trees for fuel, or polluting the environment as a result of not The presence of sanitation networks.

The urban expansion in particular in the less developed regions also has a negative impact on the environment, as infrastructure development exceeds environmental regulations, which often leads to high levels of pollution.