Brazil

Brazil is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. It is the third largest country in the Americas and the fifth largest in the world, both in terms of geographical area and population. It is the largest Portuguese-speaking country in the world, and the only one in the Americas

Bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km (4,655 mi) and is bordered on the north by Venezuela, Guyana and Suriname, and one of the French overseas provinces and territories of French Guiana; It is surrounded on the northwest by Colombia, Bolivia, and Peru to the west, Argentina and Paraguay to the southwest, and Uruguay to the south. Many island groups are part of the Brazilian territory, such as Fernando de Noronha, Rocas Atoll, Archipelago of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, Trinidad and Martim Vaz. It is bordered by all the other countries in South America except Ecuador and Chile and occupies 47% of the South American continent

The Brazilian economy is the ninth largest in the world by nominal GDP and purchasing power parity. Brazil is a member of the BRICS group, and is considered one of the fastest growing major economies in the world until 2010, which is why the country's economic reforms have gained new international recognition and influence. The Brazilian Development Bank plays an important role for the country's economic growth, it relies mostly on its own funds and invests in large domestic companies. The bank's goal is to promote economic growth as well as preserve the environment and protect local communities

Brazil is a founding member of the United Nations, the Group of Twenty, the Community of Portuguese Speaking Countries, the Latin Union, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the Organization of American States, Mercosur and the Union of South American Nations. Brazil is one of 17 extremely diverse countries, home to a diverse range of wildlife, natural habitats, and extensive natural resources in a variety of protected habitats

The Guiana Highlands form the country's natural borders with both Venezuela and Guyana. In the north of the country there are the plains of the Amazon basin, and in the south or on the ocean side there are many low-rise mountain ranges whose height may match in some areas 2,900 meters. The country's highest peaks are Pico da Neblina, near the Brazil-Venezuela border, and are 3,014 meters above sea level. The Amazon is the largest river in the world in terms of flow and volume. It is also crossed by the Parana, Iguassu, Black River, Rio Negro, São Francisco, Chingu and Madeira rivers

Brazil, except for its southern part, is located in the equatorial region, and most of the country's climate is between warm to hot throughout the year. And it is characterized by mountains and hills, down the heat on the otherwise low-land. The sea breeze softens the coastal areas. The rain falls heavily on many parts of Brazil. The warm climate and abundant rainfall made it one of the world leaders in growing agricultural crops. However, some areas of the northeast suffer from severe drought

The Amazon region extends across most of northern Brazil. And it occupies more than half of the state. This region consists primarily of low lands covered by jungles and tropical rain forests called Silva. There are two mountainous regions, namely, the Guiana Highlands in the far north and the Brazilian Highlands in the south. And the highest mountain in Brazil, which is Pico da Nplina, rises to 3,014 meters near the Brazilian-Venezuelan border

There are also different groups of animals in the Amazon region. More than 1,500 species of birds live in the forests. These include the parrot, parrot, toucan and other beautiful, rainbow-like birds. And joined to these birds many types of monkeys. And live among the branches and on the banks of the river the anaconda snake, which reaches a length of about nine meters

There is also the pedigree, which is a large snake with a wide jaw known for its compressive muscles, and other snakes. Live ants, beetles, butterflies, mosquitoes and other insects within the region. The Amazon region includes other animals such as anteater, jaguar (tigers), sloths, tapir, caiman crocodile (a creeping animal) and water hog. The water boar is one of the largest rodents in the world and may weigh up to 45 kg

The central and southern plateaus are located in the south of the Amazon region and the northeastern region. This region covers about 25% of the area of ​​Brazil and includes most of the Brazilian highlands. Its height ranges between 300 and 900 meters above sea level. Steep slopes known as the Great Ridge run along the coast at the southeastern edge of the upland

This ledge impeded access to the interior and this led to the rapid growth and prosperity of coastal cities. More than half of Brazil's population lives in this highland region, and many of them are concentrated in and around São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. Known as the economic heart of Brazil, this region also features the finest fertile farms and the best horse and livestock farms in the country

In addition, the region contains some precious minerals. Farmers in the Plateau region, which is the pinnacle of Brazilian agricultural exports, grow coffee on large farms known as Fazenda. Farmers also grow cotton, grapes, potatoes, rice, soybeans, sugarcane and wheat. The region is characterized by large stocks of gold, iron ore, manganese and other minerals

These plateaus are characterized by cooler climates than both the Amazon region and the northeastern region. The average daily temperature in Sao Paulo is about 23 ° C in January and about 16 ° C in July. Winter frosts often occur in Parana and sometimes light snow falls in Santa Catarina. The average rainfall throughout the year is about 130 cm in the Highlands. The rainy season lasts from November to May

The land of Brazil consists of a plateau that forms the Brazilian arm, and covers about 60% of the total area of ​​Brazil, and occupies the eastern and southern boundaries of the country, and the second part of Brazil consists of coastal plains in the east and north, and the third terrain sections are the Amazon River basin, and occupies a large area of ​​Brazil The Amazon is the largest river in South America in length, and the world's first river of water, and its basin occupies a third of the country's area