Georgia

Georgia

Georgia / is a sovereign country in the South Caucasus region. In western Asia, it is bordered on the west by the Black Sea, on the north by Russia, on the south by Turkey and Armenia, and by Azerbaijan on the east. Georgia covers an area of ​​69,700 km2 and has a population of 4,385,000 people

Georgia is located in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia, i.e. Western Asia and Eastern Europe. Russia forms its northern border, extending with the summit of the Greater Caucasus Mountains, which is generally defined as the boundary between Europe and Asia. In the definition of Philip Johann von Stralenberg to Europe in 1730, which was used by the Russian Caesars and who was the first to define the Ural Mountains as the eastern border of the continent, the continental border was drawn from the low Kuma-Manish to the Caspian Sea, thus placing Georgia (and the entire Caucasus region) Within Asia

Mountains dominate the geographical landscape of Georgia. The year divides the country into two halves, one east and one west. Historically, the western part of Georgia was known as Colchis, and the eastern plateau was Iberia. Because of the complex geographic nature, the mountains also isolate the northern Svaneti region from the rest of Georgia

The Greater Caucasus Mountains separate Georgia and the Russian republics from the North Caucasus. Major roads through the mountain range to Russian territory pass through a rocky tunnel between South and North Ossetia and the strait (in the Georgian region of Hefei). The Rocky Tunnel was a vital passageway for the Russian army in the 2008 South Ossetia war

The term Lesser Caucasus Mountains is used to describe mountainous regions (highlands) in southern Georgia, which are related to the extent of the Greater Caucasus Mountains through the Lychee Range. The region can be divided into two sub-divisions: the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, which run parallel to the Greater Caucasus Mountains, and the South Georgia Volcanic Highlands which lie directly to the south of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains

The area can generally be described as consisting of several interlocking mountain ranges (mostly of volcanic origin), and from plateaus not exceeding 3,400 meters (11,155 feet) altitude. Notable features of the area include the Javakheti volcanic plateau, lakes including Tabatskuri and Paravani, as well as mineral water and hot springs. The volcanic highlands in southern Georgia are a young and unstable geological region, as it is a region of high seismic activity and has witnessed some of the most important earthquakes recorded in Georgia

The Voronya Cave (known as the Krubera-Voronya Grotto) is the world's deepest known cave. It is located in the Arabica rock mass of the Gagra Range, in Abkhazia. In 2001, the Russian-Ukrainian team set a world record for the depth of the cave at 1,710 meters (5,610 feet). In 2004, the depth of the cave discovered in each of the three missions increased, when a Ukrainian team visited the 2000 meter (6,652 ft) barrier for the first time in the history of the study of caves. In October 2005, an unexplored area was found by the CAVEX team, adding to the known depth of the cave. This campaign established the depth of the cave at 2,140 meters (7,021 feet) (± 9 m / 29.5 feet)

Moderate rainforests cover the western-central slopes of my terrain in Adjara as well as many sites in Samegrelo and Abkhazia. At an altitude of 600-1000 meters (1969-3281 ft) above sea level, the evergreen trees mix with both coniferous and broad-leaved trees

The area consists mainly of beech forests, resin tree, and fir. From 1500-1800 meters (4,921-5906 feet), coniferous forests dominate. The tree line ends at about 1,800 meters (5,906 feet) to begin the Alpine region which in most areas extends up to a height of 3,000 meters (9,843 feet) from sea level. Eternal snow and glaciers are located above the 3000m line

The eastern landscape includes eastern valleys and gorges separated by mountains. In contrast to western Georgia, approximately 85% of the forests in the area are seasonal green. Coniferous forests only control the Borjomi Strait in the most western regions. Seasonal trees dominate greenery: beech, oak, and yoke. Other trees include: maple, aspen, elm, and hazelnut. The upper Azani river valley contains the Yeo Forest

As a result of the great diversity in the natural landscape, Georgia is home to a large number of animal species, as out of every 1000 vertebrates there are (330 birds, 160 fish, 48 reptiles and amphibians 11). A large number of carnivores live in the forests, such as the Persian tiger, brown bear, wolf and lynx. The number of invertebrate species is very large, but the data is distributed over a large number of publications. The reference list for spiders in Georgia, for example, includes 501 species. Georgia's non-marine mollusks also contain a high degree of diversity

The climate in Georgia is very diverse due to the small country size. This country has two major climatic regions that characterize the eastern and western parts of the country. The Greater Caucasus Mountains play an important role in modifying the climate in Georgia, as it is a dam in the face of cold air masses coming from the north. The Lesser Caucasus Mountains partially protect the region from the influence of dry and hot air masses from the south

The tourism sector is growing in importance in the Georgian economy. It brought nearly one million tourists to $ 313 million for this country in 2006. According to the government, there are 103 resorts in different climate regions in Georgia. Tourist attractions include more than 2,000 mineral springs, and more than 12,000 historical and cultural monuments, four of which are classified by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites (Bagrati Cathedral in Kutaisi and Gelati Monastery, historical monuments in Mtskheta, and upper Svaneti)