East Timor

East Timor

East Timor / It is a country located in Southeast Asia. It includes the eastern half of Timor Island, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecussi, which is an isolated region in the northwestern part of the island, within Indonesia's West Timor. The country has a surface area of ​​15,410 km2, about 640 km northwest of Darwin, Australia

East Timor underwent Portuguese colonization in the 16th century, and it was known as Portuguese Timor until the end of the Portuguese colonization of the country. In late 1975, East Timor declared independence, but later that year it was invaded and occupied by Indonesia and declared the 27th Indonesian province the following year. In 1999, after the UN-sponsored self-determination referendum, Indonesia ceded the territory of East Timor to become the newest sovereign state in the 21st century on May 20, 2002. East Timor is one of only two countries that dominate the Roman Catholic Church in Asia The other is the Philippines

East Timor is located in Southeast Asia and Timor Island is part of the islands of this region. It is also the largest and smallest of the Sunda Islands, east. North of the mountain island lies the Strait of Ombay, the Strait of Uttar and the Great Banda Sea. To the south, the island of Timor separates the island from Australia, while the Indonesian province of Nusa Tenggara East is bounded to the west. The highest mountain in East Timor is Tatamaylao (also known as Mount Ramilau), at an altitude of 2,963 meters (9,721 feet)

The eastern region of East Timor is made up of the Pechao range and the Erralalaro region. It was suggested that this region be the first protected area in East Timor as it contains the remainder of the country's dry tropical forest. It is also home to a number of unique plants and animal species and is sparsely populated. The northern coast is characterized by a number of coral reef systems believed to be in danger

The local climate is tropical, hot and humid, and generally characterized by dry and rainy seasons. The capital is the largest city and the main port is Dili, while the second largest city is from Poco in the east

The East Timorese government has sought to negotiate specific borders with Australia midway between the two countries, in accordance with the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. While the Australian government prefers demarcating the borders at the end of the broad Australian continental shelf as agreed with Indonesia in 1972 and 1991. Such a dispute is usually referred to the International Court of Justice or the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea for an unbiased decision, but the Australian government withdrew itself from these International tribunals (only on matters relating to maritime borders) shortly before Timor's independence

Under pressure from public opinion and diplomacy, the Australian government made a last-minute offer to grant a concession in the Grand Sunrise field only. On 7 July 2005, an agreement was signed whereby the two countries set disputes on the maritime boundary aside, and East Timor would receive 50% of revenue (estimated at about A $ 26 billion or about $ 20 billion over the life of the project) . Other developments within the waters claimed by East Timor but outside the Common Petroleum Development Area (Laminaria-Corralina-Buffalo) will continue to be invested by Australia only on its part

The failure of the harvest in 2007 resulted in deaths in many parts of East Timor. In November 2007, 11 sub-districts suffered from food shortages provided through international assistance. East Timor also has a large and lucrative coffee industry that sells organic coffee to many retailers and on the open market. There are currently three foreign banks in Dili: ANZ Australian, Banco Nacional Ultramarino, Portugal, and Mandiri Bank of Indonesia. There are no patent laws in East Timor

Timur was known before and during colonial sandalwood. In late 1999, about 70% of economic infrastructure in East Timor was destroyed by the conflict in the country, and about 260,000 people fled west. Much of the infrastructure was rebuilt between 2002-2005 under an international program led by the United Nations and supervised by civilian advisers, 5,000 peacekeepers (8,000 at peak) and 1,300 police officers. By mid 2002, all but 50,000 refugees had returned. One promising long-term project is Australia's participation in developing oil and natural gas resources in South East Timor waters

The Portuguese colonial administration granted concessions to explore the surrounding wells of the Oceanic Exploration Corporation. But the Indonesian invasion in 1976 abolished this matter and divided the resources between Indonesia and Australia according to the Timor Gap Treaty in 1989. The treaty established the principles of joint exploitation of marine resources in the "gap" left by the Portuguese in Timor in the maritime border agreement agreed between the two countries in 1972 Revenue of the common area divided 50% -50%. Wedside Petroleum and ConocoPhillips began developing some resources in Timor Gap on behalf of the two governments in 1992

East Timor did not inherit permanent maritime boundaries when it gained independence, and therefore rejected the Timor Gabe Treaty for being illegal. A temporary agreement was signed (Sea Timor Treaty, signed when East Timor became independent on May 20, 2002) defining the Common Petroleum Development Area, granting 90% of the revenue from existing projects in this field to East Timor, and 10% to Australia

The first significant new development in the joint oil development region since the independence of East Timor is the largest oil resource in the Timor Sea (the Great Sunrise gas field). The investment of this field was the subject of separate agreements in 2003 and 2005. Only 20% of the field falls within the joint oil development area and the rest is in waters that are not subject to the treaty (and claimed by both countries). The interim interim treaty gave 82% of revenue to Australia and only 18% to East Timor