Malawi

Malawi

Malawi / is a land-locked country in Southeast Africa formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the northwest, Tanzania to the northeast, and Mozambique to the east, south and west. The country is separated from Tanzania and Mozambique by Lake Malawi. Its area exceeds 118,000 km2, while the population is more than 13,900,000 people

Malawi is among the least developed countries in the world. Its economy is largely based on agriculture, and its population is largely distributed over the countryside. The government of Malawi relies heavily on external aid to meet development needs, despite this declining need (and the aid provided) since 2000. The Malawi government faces challenges in building and expanding the economy, improving education and health care, and protecting the environment and becoming financially independent. The country has set up several programs since 2005 that focus on these issues, and expectations show an improvement in the country's performance through improved economic growth, education, and health care seen in 2007 and 2008

Malawi has a low life expectancy with a high infant mortality rate. There is a high prevalence of HIV / AIDS, which depletes the workforce and government expenditures, and is expected to have a significant impact on GDP by the year 2010. There are various groups of indigenous African people if there was a tribal conflict in the past, it has declined dramatically. Significant by 2008 the Malay identity began to take shape. In Malawi there is a culture that combines local and colonial aspects, including sports, dance, arts and music. Religion: Christianity

The climate in Malawi is hot in the lowlands in the south of the country and mild in the northern highlands. The height above sea level modifies what would be a tropical climate otherwise. Temperatures between November and April are warm with tropical rain and thunderstorms, which peaks in late March. After that the precipitation falls rapidly, and from May to September a wet mist spreads from the highlands to the plateaus, with almost no precipitation during those months

Malawi's endemic animal life includes mammals such as elephants, hippos, large cats, monkeys, lemurs, and bats. A large variety of birds including birds of prey, parrots, hawks, waterfowl, large waders, owls and songbirds. Lake Malawi has been described as one of the richest fish phones in the lake in the world, being home to about 200 mammals, 650 birds, 30+ mollusks and 5,500+ plant species

Environmental areas include tropical and sub-tropical pastures, savannahs and treelands in the Miombo forests dominated by the Miombo trees; The Zambizian and Mopan forests, which feature the Mopan tree; As well as submerged pastures that provide marshes and grassland plants.

In Malawi there are five national parks, four wildlife and game reserves, and two other protected areas

Malawi is a landlocked country in Southeast Africa, bordered by Zambia from the northwest, and Tanzania to the northeast, while Mozambique is bordered by the rest of the regions. It lies between latitudes 9 and 18 degrees south, and longitudes 32 and 36 degrees east

The Great Rift Valley passes through the country from north to south, while the east of it lies Lake Malawi (also called Lake Niassa), forming more than three quarters of the eastern border of Malawi. Lake Malawi is sometimes called the Calendar Lake, which is 365 miles long (number of days of the year) (587 km) and width 52 miles (number of weeks of the year) (84 km)

The Shire River flows from the southern end of the lake and joins the Zambezi River, 400 km south of Mozambique. The surface of Lake Malawi is located at an altitude of 457 meters above sea level while its maximum depth is 701 meters, which means that the lake bottom is 213 meters below sea level at some points

In the mountainous region of Malawi surrounding the Rift Valley, the plateaux generally rise between 914-1219 m above sea level, although some reach 2438 m in the north. To the south of Lake Malawi lies Shire Heights, a flat land 914 meters above sea level. In that area there are two mountain peaks, Zumba and Malange, at a height of 2134 m and 3048 m, respectively

The capital of Malawi is Lilongwe, while its commercial center and largest city is Blantyre, which has a population of more than 500,000 people. In Malawi there are two sites inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. The first being the Lake Malawi National Park in 1984 and the Chonguni Stone Graphics District which was incorporated in 2006

Malawi is among the least developed countries in the world and the most densely populated. About 85% of the population lives in rural areas. The economy is based on agriculture, and more than a third of gross domestic product and 90% of export earnings come from that sector. In the past, the economy depended on substantial economic assistance from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, and other countries

In December 2000, the International Monetary Fund suspended aid payments due to concerns about corruption and many individual donors followed suit, causing the Malawi development budget to drop by almost 80%. However, in 2005, Malawi received more than $ 575 million in aid. The Government of Malawi faces challenges in developing a market economy, improving environmental protection, dealing with the problem of rapid HIV spread, improving the education system, and satisfying foreign donors in that they are working to become financially independent

Financial discipline has been improved since 2005 under the leadership of President Mutharika and Finance Minister Gondwe. Since then this discipline evaporated, as evidenced in 2009 by the purchase of a private presidential plane almost immediately followed by a fuel shortfall nationwide that was officially attributed to logistical problems, but was most likely due to a shortage of hard currency caused by the purchase of the plane. The total cost of the economy (and the healthcare system) is unknown

The main agricultural products in Malawi include tobacco, sugar cane, cotton, tea, corn, potatoes, corn, livestock and goats. The main industries are tobacco, tea, sugar processing, wood products, cement and consumer goods. Industrial production is estimated at 10% (2009). The country does not use much natural gas. As of 2008, Malawi stopped importing or exporting electricity but imported all of the oil it needed because there was no oil production in the country

Beginning in 2006, Malawi began mixing unleaded gasoline with 10% ethanol produced in Malawi at two plants to reduce dependence on imported fuel. In 2008, Malawi began testing cars that only work on ethanol and initial results were promising as the country continued to rely on ethanol

In 2009, Malawi's exports to the United States amounted to about $ 945 million of merchandise annually. The country's heavy dependence on tobacco and its manufacture (it accounts for about 70% of export earnings) is a heavy burden on the economy due to declining world prices and increasing pressure in the international community to reduce tobacco production. The country is also heavily dependent on sugar, tea and coffee, as those with tobacco account for more than 90% of Malawi's export earnings. Dependence on tobacco in Malawi is increasing as the product jumped from 53% to 70% of export earnings between 2007 and 2008

In 2006, due to the low agricultural harvest, Malawi launched a fertilizer subsidy program with the goal of revitalizing crop production and promoting land. Reports that the program, supported by the President, have radically improved agriculture in Malawi and will turn Malawi into a source of food for neighboring countries. Also in 2006, world star Madonna launched the Rising Malawi Program, an organization focusing on raising money and building infrastructure to help AIDS orphans in Malawi, and also funded a documentary film on the difficulties faced by orphans in Malawi. Raising Malawi is also working with the Millennium Villages project to improve education, healthcare, infrastructure and agriculture in Malawi

Other exported commodities are cotton, peanuts, wood products and clothing. The main destinations for the country's exports are South Africa, Germany, Egypt, Zimbabwe, the United States, Russia and the Netherlands. Malawi imports $ 1.625 billion worth of goods every year, with the main commodities being food, petroleum products, consumer goods and transportation equipment. The main importing countries from Malawi are South Africa, India, Zambia, Tanzania, the United States and China