Myanmar

Myanmar

Myanmar / Officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar, also known as Burma or Brahmadish, is a country in Southeast Asia

It is one of the East Asian countries and is located along the Bay of Bengal. Burma borders China to the north-east, India and Bangladesh border it to the northwest, Burma borders with both Laos and Thailand, and its southern borders are coasts overlooking the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean, and an arm extends from Burma to the southeast in the Malay Peninsula, and its land is confined to two circles North Equator and twenty-eight north, and Britain occupied Burma at the end of the nineteenth century until its independence in 1948 and Yangon (now Rangoon) is its largest city as was the former capital of the country

Burma is an agricultural country where three quarters of its people live on agriculture and 43% of the workforce lives in agriculture, the most prominent of which is rice, which is the staple food for most of its population. Rubber, sugar cane and tea. It also grows vegetables, fruits, peanuts, sesame, wheat, millet, tobacco, jute and cotton. Forests cover about half of Burma's area and include 80% of the teak wood from global production. Fish and shellfish are caught in Burma's rivers and coastal waters, and many Burmese raise fish in village ponds

Burma is divided into three main land areas:

Eastern mountain ranges.

The Western Mountain Belt.

The middle belt.

Eastern mountain ranges

It separates Burma from Thailand, Laos, and China. This area includes the long, narrow coast of Tinasirim on the northern border of the Andaman Sea and the Shan Plateau. The area is rich in one of the finest sapphires and jasper in the world. It also contains deposits of gold, lead and zinc

The Western Mountain Belt

An area with thick forests along the border with India. It consists in the southern region of a group of low mountains called Arakan Burma that extends to the Bay of Bengal which is bordered by a narrow plain of rich lands

The middle belt

It is located between the eastern and western regions and includes the highest mountains of Burma in the north, which is the Hakkapu Razi peak, the highest peak in the country, at a height of 5881 meters above sea level. The middle range consists of the valleys of the Irwaddy and Sitang River. The Irrawaddy River runs from north to south through the center of the country, flowing into the Bay of Bengal for a length of 2000 km. It is the most important transportation lines in the country. The Sitang River, which is 550 km long, is located west of the Irwaddy River. From these two rivers, farmers get water to grow rice

The mountains surround Burma on three sides, west, north and east, where it surrounds the Irrawaddy River Basin, which drains the waters between the mountains and empties into the Bay of Bengal in the form of several casualties, a delta component on which the capital and the largest city is located. Kachin State has the highest peak in Burma (Hakkapu Razi), at a height of 5,881 meters (19,295 feet), which is one of the Himalayas and is located on the border of three countries which are China, India and Burma. The highlands are bordered by Burma to the west, where the Argan Mountains and the Sheen Plateau are, and their lands in the east rise towards Thailand and Laos, where the Torsional Plateau is located

Rivers

The Irrawaddy River is the longest river in Burma, with a length of about 2170 kilometers (1348 miles). It runs in the center of the country from north to south in the middle of a plain and flows into the Bay (Martaban). Most of the population lives in the river area and a section of the Salween River near the Burma border Eastern

the climate

The climate of most regions of Burma is tropical and Burma has three seasons

Rainy season

It is the season that falls in most of the rain of Burma almost from late May to October every year and the amount of rain varies from one region to another

Cold season

From late October to mid-February, temperatures drop to their lowest levels despite their tropical climate

Hot season

From late February to mid-May the temperature rises to 40 in some parts of Burma

Its climatic conditions are graded under the seasonal system, the heat intensity in the north decreases, the south is hot and humid, and the southwest monsoon drives its rains in the summer in abundant amounts

The people of Burma are called Burmese (Brahmadians first) and most of them are Buddhists and they live in villages around the delta and around the valley of the Arawadwe River, and the majority are from Central Asia and came to the region and is the largest ethnic group in the country that includes about two-thirds of the population. The other groups are

It includes Karin, Shan, Arakan, Chen, Kachin, Moon, Naga and Wa, with about 75% of them living in rural areas and the rest in cities. The strange thing is that most of the Arakan Muslims are of Arab descent, as their lineage goes back to the Muslims in Yemen, the Arabian Peninsula, some parts of the Levant, Iraq, and few Persian origins. There are also a few other but slightly fewer Bangladeshi and Indian origins. These Muslims have reached the pillars of neighboring Bangladesh for the purpose of trading and spreading Islam. There, many of them settled and spread the teachings of the true Islamic religion

A large proportion of the population immigrated to Saudi Arabia, the Emirates, Bangladesh, and Pakistan due to the mass killing and persecution they faced by Buddhists and the Myanmar government. And now they face a lot of challenges to live in their new communities. One of the most important challenges is obtaining the right to education, treatment and simple work for them and their children, not to mention the right to live in these countries

In Burma, "Myanmar" has a population of more than (55) million people, and the proportion of Muslims in this country of no less than 15% of the total population is half of them in the Arakan region - with a Muslim majority, and the population of Burma differs in terms of ethnic and linguistic composition due to the multiplicity of the constituent elements For the country, most of the population speaks the Burmese language and these people are called "Burman" and their origin is Chinese Tibet and they are fierce tribes, and their belief is Buddhism, they migrated to the region "Burma" in the sixteenth century AD and then seized the country in the late eighteenth century AD and they are the ruling community, The rest of the population speaks multiple languages, and among the various groups is the Arakan community, and they live in the southern part of the Arakan highlands of Burma and the Kashin groups

The percentage of Muslims reaches more than 20%, and the rest of the faith-holders are Buddhist "mag" and other sects. The Union of Burma is made up of many Ethnicities that reach more than 140 ethnicities, the most important of which are "Burman", and there are also "Shan, Kashin, Karen, Shane, Kaya and Workhain - and the Brain". Islam spreads among these groups, and Muslims are known in Burma as "Rohingya" They are the second sect after the "Burman"

And their number reaches nearly 10 million people, representing 20% ​​of Burma's population of more than 50 million, while the "Arakan" region is inhabited by 5.5 million people, where there is a population density of 4 million Muslims, representing 70% of the population of the region. Official statistics did not do justice to Muslims in this number, as it is stated that the number of Muslims - according to official statistics - is between 5 and 8 million people, and Muslims are among the poorest communities in Myanmar and the least educated and their knowledge of Islam is limited