Burundi

Burundi

Burundi / is a landlocked country in the Great Lakes region of Africa from eastern Africa, bordered by Rwanda in the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. It is also considered part of Central Africa. The Burundian capital, Bujumbura, is the southwest border of Lake Tanganyika

Burundi has an area of ​​27,800 km, and its land from the west overlooks the edge of the gully in eastern Africa and where Tanganyika Lake is, then its land rises up to form volcanic mountain ranges, reaching a height of more than 1,800 meters, then its placid land prevails extending up to its borders with Tanzania, and its most prominent rivers are there Several tributaries reach the Kagera River, the first source of the Nile from the south

Burundi has an area of ​​27,834 km². Its western borders extend along the Great Groove. This region includes the northern part of Lake Tanganyika and the Rossi River. The northwestern part of Burundi from the valley is more than 2,680 meters above sea level. Most of the surface in western Burundi is made of volcanic rocks. Usually the soil formed on the surface of the volcanic plateau is fertile; however, the heavy rains in this area washed away most of the beneficial chemicals, then the primitive cultivation methods led to the exhaustion and nudity of the soil

It covers steep slopes of eastern and central Burundi. Swamps form at the bottom of the cliffs; the soil near these swamps produces better crops than those in western Burundi. Other heights cover southern Burundi

Agriculture is the basic craft for the people of Burundi, and agriculture is practiced on slopes and around riverbeds and low valleys, and in the eastern regions of the country, food crops occupy a large share of agricultural land, including corn, yam, cassava, wheat, and barley, and are represented by agricultural crops in cotton, tea and coffee Tobacco and oil palm trees besides agriculture are pastoral and forest wealth. Livestock were estimated in the year (1408 AH -1988 AD) at about (43,000) cattle from sheep and (750,000) from sheep

Residents grow bananas, beans, cassava, maize and sweet potatoes for their food. Others raise cows and livestock. Coffee is the most important crops grown for export. Other exports include tea, and cotton. In Burundi there are raw materials of charcoal and nickel

Residents grow robusta soluble coffee in lands with a height of about 1,400 m above sea level, while Arab coffee, which is the most valuable, is cultivated in lands with a height between 1,400 m and 1,800 m above sea level

Fish is an important food for the population, and the catch from Lake Tanganyika is about nine thousand metric tons of fish each year

Most roads in Burundi are unpaved, and there are no railways. Ships across Lake Tanganyika carry cargo between Bujumbura, Kigoma in Tanzania, and Kalemie in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire). Bujumbura has an international airport. Burundi's trade outside the borders is very expensive and difficult, because goods must be shipped and unloaded from ships and rail vehicles several times, before they reach their final destination

Burundi's climate belongs to the humid tropical pattern, but the temperature is modified from its temperature, and its most intense sides are the western part, where the African groove and the rain of this section are relatively less than the high part of Burundi. And it rains in the rainy season 7 months

The average temperature in Bujumbura in the Great Groove is around 23 ° C. The average temperature in the western mountainous regions of the country is 17 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 150 cm. The average temperature in the highlands is 20 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 120 cm

Burundi is considered one of the most densely populated areas in Africa, as its population reached in 1408 AH (5,153,000 people), and this number is large in relation to its area that exceeds (27,000 km), so the population density in it increases, and the population belongs to three ethnic groups. Hutu tribes and make up more than three quarters of the population of Burundi These groups work in agriculture, and the second group consists of Tutsi tribes and belongs to the protective origins mixed with Negroes, and constitute about 15% of the total population, and the third group of dwarves and their percentage is small

In addition to the above, immigrant groups form a minority from Mali, Senegal and Ghania, from India and from Pakistan, then an Arab community, and Muslims constitute a quarter of the population and Christians 65% and the rest of the two. The proportion of Muslims among foreigners increases and the number of Muslims is estimated at (1,288,000 people). Islam arrived in Burundi from eastern Africa, where convoys of preachers and merchants moved between the coast and the interior, and the Islamic call flourished in Burundi during the Sultans of Zanzibar

The demographics are composed of the Hutu tribes 75% and the Tutsi 25%, and Swahili is the language of trade in Burundi and most of the population is familiar with it. And the Arab culture found in East African countries, and it is not by chance that Swahili includes 60% of the Arab vocabulary

Burundi is gaining importance to Egypt from being one of the countries of the African Great Lakes region, where the sources of the Nile are, and Egypt also has trade relations as a member of the COMESA countries. The Lakes region is one of the richest regions of Africa with water and sources of wealth. Rather, it is the richest region of Africa, it is a huge water reservoir and it is the source The Nile River is rich in minerals and precious stones, and has the Inga waterfalls that are sufficient to meet the needs of the African continent for electricity