Eritrea

Eritrea

Eritrea / is a country in the Horn of Africa, with its capital in Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south and Djibouti in the southeast. In the northeast and eastern parts of Eritrea it has a broad coastline along the Red Sea

Eritrea is a multi-ethnic country, with nine recognized ethnic groups with a population of approximately 5 million. Most of the population speaks languages ​​from the Afro-Asiatic family, either from Ethiopian Semitic languages ​​or Cushitic branches. Among these societies, they constitute about 55% of the population, and the people of the tiger constitute the female tiger about 30% of the population. In addition, there are a number of speaking Nilo-Sahrawi ethnic minorities. Most people in the region adhere to Christianity or Islam

Eritrea is a one-party state in which no national legislative elections have taken place since independence. According to Human Rights Watch, the Eritrean government's human rights record is among the worst in the world. The Eritrean government has dismissed the allegations as politically motivated. Compulsory military service requires prolonged recruitment periods, indefinitely, that some Eritreans leave to avoid the country. Because all local media are state-owned, Eritrea is also ranked as having the second lowest press freedom in the World Press Freedom Index, only after North Korea

The importance of the site lies in the country's link between the nearest and shortest shipping routes between the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean, which makes it a link between the three major continents Asia, Africa and Europe, which is close to the holy areas of the Arabian Peninsula and the oil production areas in the Arab Gulf and East African countries. Eritrean islands are also focal points and control of the military forces in the regional and international conflict in the region

Eritrea is located in the Horn of Africa region in the southeast of the continent of Africa, off the peninsula from the southern side, between the latitudes 15-18 north and longitudes 36-43 east. Eritrea borders the north and west of the Republic of Sudan and shares borders with it with a length of 605 km, from the south of the Republic of Ethiopia, and the length of the border between them is 912 km and Djibouti from the southeast with a length of 113 km

It also overlooks the Red Sea in the east, and the coastline is 1000 km. It is located on the western shore of the Red Sea at a ruling point at its southern entrance and close to the Bab al-Mandab strait of great strategic importance; It is similar to a triangle between Ethiopia, Sudan and Djibouti

It has an area of ​​about 120,000 km2, in which terrain and climate are varied. It owns a beach that extends a thousand kilometers on the Red Sea, extending from "Ras Kassar" on the Sudanese border in the north to Bab Al Mandab in "Ras Argita" in Djibouti in the south, and located in this coast the most important ports of the Red Sea They are: “Assab” and “Massawa

Eritrea follows (126) islands, the most important of which is the archipelago of Dahlak and has about 25 islands, the most important of which are strategically from the islands of "Fatima" and "Haleb". And it increases the population of four million people

Forests are another source of wealth in Eritrean and spread in the plains and valleys of rivers "Dom" trees that are used in the manufacture of buttons for clothing, and spread in pastures, frankincense and gum trees, and these trees generally help to protect the soil from erosion and the devastation that may be caused by the movement of sand dunes. Whereas, "yurfopia" trees grow in the plateau and highlands and are used in the manufacture of wood and matchsticks

Agriculture is considered an important source of economy in the country, as Eritrea is a pastoral agricultural country, in which more than 90% of the total population practices agriculture and grazing, and grain cultivation constitutes about 87% of the total crops, the most important of which is corn, wheat, barley, and supernatant (a kind of grain mixed with corn To make national bread), the rest of the crops are distributed between coffee, tobacco, cotton and tropical fruits. Corn is a staple food for the population in the western and eastern plains, while wheat and floating crops are spread in the plateau. Banana cultivation has recently expanded in the Wadi Baraka region, which is one of the products intended for export

Eritreans are distinguished by containing an important mineral wealth, some of which are invested in an oscillating commercial investment for the loss of political stability before independence and because of the national liberation revolution that took place for independence and the most prominent exposed minerals are oil, copper, potassium, gold, lignite, iron, aluminum, silver and nickel. The oil was discovered on the island of Dahlak and southeast of Massawa, and American and Dutch companies are exploring it. The largest copper mines are located in the region of “Diarwa” near Asmara. Japanese investments extract about 6000 tons of copper per month. American companies are expanding with phosphate extraction and marketing since 1949