Cote d'Ivoire

Cote d'Ivoire

Ivory Coast / Cote d'Ivoire is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Ghana to the east, Guinea and Liberia to the west, Mali and Burkina Faso to the north, and from the south overlooks the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean. Its political capital is Yamoussoukro, while its largest city and economic center is the city of Abidjan in the south near the coast, and one of its most important cities is Bouake and Jagnoa

Its political capital is Yamoussoukro, while its largest city and economic center is the city of Abidjan in the south near the coast, and one of its most important cities is Bouake and Jagnoa. The official language is French. Its name goes back to the fact that African merchants were collecting the tusks of elephants and offering them for sale in piles on their coasts, so I took their name from the ivory trade

Ivory Coast is a member of the African Union with a total area of ​​322,462 km, with a population estimated at 19,997,000 in 2009. In 1843 Ivory Coast was under French protection and in 1893, it became a French colony, and became an independent country on August 7, 1960. From 1960 to 1993, it was commanded by Felix Houphouillet Poigniers. Since the end of Bouannier's reign

The country experienced two military coups (1999 and 2001) and a civil war. But after the recent elections, a political agreement was reached between the new government and the rebels that led to the return of peace
Côte d'Ivoire maintains political and economic ties in cooperation with its neighbors in West Africa, while maintaining close ties with the West, especially France

The economy of Ivory Coast is largely dependent on agriculture through its production of coffee and cocoa. About a quarter of the population lives below the international poverty line from $ 1.25 a day

Yamasoku is the capital of the Republic of Ivory Coast, which became independent from France in 1960 AD. Its French language and its currency are the African franc. It covers an area of ​​322,460 square kilometers and enjoys a tropical climate. The Republic of Ivory Coast consists of four natural regions

They are: the planted forest area: located on the borders of Ghana, and it consists of forest lands, part of which has been converted into farms. Coastal zone: its width does not exceed 64 meters, and there are lakes in the eastern half of it. Northern Savannah Region: It is an open land suitable for livestock, and it is a low-rise plateau, with the Como National Park which was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. Tropical Forest Region: It is almost triangular

The land of Ivory Coast consists of coastal plains with a third of its area, which extends next to its beaches, the fertile soil of the plains where the forests grow, and after the plains the land gradually rises towards the west, and in this region an ancient Grantian plateau covers the northern part of it with savannah gardens, and many rivers of Ivory Coast are made from North to south

The territory of the Republic of Ivory Coast gradually rises from the Atlantic Ocean to reach an altitude of 395 meters above sea level. The eastern part of the Republic of Ivory Coast is flat and sandy. The sand bar, which is only 6 km east of the border of the neighboring Republic of Ghana, extends 290 km along the coastline. Behind this sandy strip lies deep lakes connecting it to the sea, and there are a number of small rock breaks in the western region of the coast

Behind the coastline is a tropical forest with a width ranging between 155 and 300 km. And as we head north, this forest turns into a group of scattered trees with abundant herbs. On the average western coast of the Republic of Ivory Coast, the highland regions of Guinea are in the form of circular hills covered with forests and rise up to 1,500 meters above sea level

The flow of natural rivers in the Republic of Ivory Coast to the south, and these rivers are from the east to the west: the Como River, Bandama River, Sasendra River, and Tercali, which is located on the western border between Ivory Coast and Liberia. The 800-km-long Bandama River is one of the longest rivers of Ivory Coast. Because there are waterfalls and slopes, the navigable distance in each river does not exceed 65 km

Ivory Coast is located in the arms of the crystallized African base consisting of granite, diorite, quartzite, Senet, schist, and volcanic rocks such as basalt, gabbro, and a few sedimentary rocks such as lime, dolomite, and sandstone. In river valleys, sandy and gravel muddy loops abound

The terrain is a mountainous mass (1000-1650 m) in the northwest, turning in the middle to a high structural plateau (500-600 m), then it becomes a flat plain in the south (100-200-200 m), flooded by river sediments with a thick layer of marshes that extend inside the ocean water to form a sandy mud barrier in front of the coast, And left behind many lakes (Lagoon), the most important of which is the Iberian near the capital and connected to the ocean by a channel consisting of a wide port

The climate of the coast is a tropical shea that increases its temperature and humidity. The south witnesses two rainy seasons separated by two dry seasons. The north is dominated by a tropical climate that is less rain and heat than the south

The coastal region of the Republic of Ivory Coast is a hot and very humid region. The temperature ranges between 24 ° C and 28 ° C

The average rainfall between 200 and 325 cm, and the average temperature in the central forest area ranges between 14 and 39 ° C. The average annual rainfall is between 150-250 cm. The temperature rises in the savannah regions to 49 ° C, and the average annual rainfall there is between 150-200 cm


Temperatures are not less than 20 وال and the seasonal and daily thermal differences are simple (3-5 ° C), in the north in summer (28-30 ° C), (26-27 ° C) in the middle, and (24-25 ° C) in the south, while in winter the temperature is slightly lower than what preceded

Air humidity is high 60-70% on average, and rises in times of precipitation to 80-90%, and the annual latent evaporation values ​​(1000-1500mm), so the moisture balance is positive in most regions of the country


Water flows in the corners of the country, and the most prominent rivers are the Comoe, Bandama, Sasendra and Cavalli, which are medium-sized well-rivers (200-450 m 3 / t), and their orbital flow system in the north, and turns into a tropical, regular flow and abundance

The plants are tropical and tropical in ancient origin, and they are broadly divided into

Applied tropical forest: high (50-80m) of figs ficus, palm tree and cola trees, beneath coffee, rubber and oil palm trees, then long thick grasses, in addition to meadows and swamps

Tropical deciduous forest: concentrated in the center of the country in particular, and interspersed with tropical tropical stoic forests in river valleys. Man cut large areas of these forests and turned them into agricultural lands, which paved the way for penetration of savannah plants and trees

As for the savannah, it appears in the north of the country where the precipitation is less, and the duration of the drought is longer (4-5 months). the elephant

The soil is tropical tropical, it is red and red, yellowish, tropical, fertile for the severity of the wash and red brown and tropical structure, containing the iron shield (latrette), and turns into an iron and reddish structure in the savannah regions, and in the rivers the soil and black soil are spread in meadows and swamps

the animals

They represent the tropical-tropical jungle and savannah model. In forests, tropical birds (parrots, heaven birds, peacocks), monkeys, and reptiles abound. In the tropical jungle and savannah, the African elephant, rhinoceros, elk, deer, and red beast appear, and lion animals abound, such as lions, leopards, tigers, hyenas, wild dogs, as well as various reptiles. And in the water hippopotamus and crocodiles. Insects are many and some are harmful, such as the tsetse fly