Guyana

Guyana

Guyana, Guyana, Guyana or formally the Cooperative Republic of Guyana and formerly British Guiana / is a sovereign country on the northern coast of South America but culturally part of the English-speaking Caribbean. Guyana was a Dutch and British colony

The area known as "Guyana" consists of a large area of ​​land to the north of the Amazon River and east of the Orinoco River and is known as "the land of many waters." Historic Guyana is comprised of three Dutch colonies: Issykebo, Demerara and Perpis. Modern Guyana is bordered to the east by Suriname, to the south and southwest by Brazil, to the west by Venezuela, and to the north by the Atlantic Ocean

With an area of ​​215,000 km2, it is thus the third smallest independent third country on the mainland of South America (after Uruguay and Suriname). Its population is around 770,000 (2002 data), of which the majority are East Indians (43.5%) and of African descent (30.2%

Guyana overlooks the northeastern coast of South America overlooking the Atlantic Ocean, and is bordered by the Republic of Venezuela to the west, Suriname to the east, and Brazil to the south, and is within the equatorial range. The land divides Guyana's land into three bands. The first part of its land overlooking the coast is a low plain, reaching in some areas below the sea level, then the land begins to gradually rise towards the southwest, and this section covers the dense tropical forests, and Guyana's land reaches the maximum It has an altitude in the southwest, and here the vegetative range moves to savannahs, and it has several short rivers that drain its water into the Atlantic Ocean

Guyana was inhabited by Native American Arawak and Caribbean tribes. Although Christopher Columbus alluded to Guyana during his third voyage (in 1498), the Dutch were the first to establish colonies: Issykebo (1616), Barbis (1627), and Demerara (1752). Britain took control of the land in the late eighteenth century and the Netherlands formally ceded the area in 1814. In 1831 the three separate colonies became one British colony known as British Guiana

Since independence in 1824, Venezuela has claimed an area of ​​land to the west of the Isequibo River. Letters from Simon Bolívar warned the British government against settling and claiming ownership of the settlers from Perpis and Demyara. In 1899 an international court ruled that Great Britain owned the land

Guyana gained independence from the United Kingdom on May 26, 1966, became a republic on February 23, 1970 and remained a member of the Commonwealth. The U.S. State Department and CIA, along with the British government, played a strong role in influencing political power in Guyana during this period. The US government supported Forbes Burnham during the first years of independence because the Jagdani was a Marxist. They provided secret financial and political support for the Burnham National People's Congress campaign against the Progressive People's Party led by Jagan, who was often supported by Indian-born Ghanaians

In 1978, Guyana received great international attention when 918 collective people - almost all of them Americans - (including more than 300 children) who were affiliated with Jim Peoples led by John Jones in Johns Town - a settlement created by the Peoples Pagoda - were killed or committed by themselves. An attack by Jim Jones's guards on a small remote airstrip near Jones Town killed five people, including Liu Ryan, the only congressman ever killed while serving in US history