Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea / is a country located in the eastern half of the island of Papua in the southwest Pacific Ocean, in the continent of Oceania near Indonesia. Its capital and major cities are Port Moresby. Other important cities in Papua New Guinea include Rabaul, Lay, Madang and Goroka. The country is divided into 19 provinces, divided into four regions

The people of Papua New Guinea belong to many groups and denominations, and the number of languages ​​and dialects used is 820. This linguistic and cultural diversity is caused by the topographical conditions that characterize the island, which hindered communication between different groups. On the big meadow in the middle of the island, about 50,000 people divided into different sects lived completely isolated from the rest of the world until the year 1938 when a helicopter hovered over the meadow and discovered them

The country has a variety of terrain, as it contains many rugged areas a lot, and the highlands and mountains are the backbone of the country that extends along the island of New Guinea, and reaches the highest mountain peak in the country to four thousand five hundred and nine meters which is Wilhelm Mountain, It contains a large percentage of the tropical rainforests that are found in the lowland, coastal, and humid areas, near the Cibek and Fly rivers

This terrain has made it difficult for the state to develop the transportation infrastructure, as there are many areas that can only be reached by foot, helicopter, and the country is surrounded by a group of coral reefs

Papua New Guinea is rich in natural resources, but there are problems with rough terrain, high cost of infrastructure development and problems with law and order, and the land ownership system which makes identification of land owners for the purpose of negotiation extremely difficult. Agriculture provides livelihoods for about 85% of the population. There are many mineral deposits, including oil, copper, and gold, and account for 72% of export earnings. The country is very famous for making coffee

Former Prime Minister Mikeri Morauta tried to restore the integrity of state institutions, stabilize and restore stability in the national budget, privatize public institutions, and ensure peace under way in Bougainville following the 1997 agreement that ended Bougainville's separatist unrest. The Morauta government has been very successful in attracting international support, specifically in obtaining support from the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in securing development aid loans

There are major challenges facing the current Prime Minister, Mr. Michael Somare, including obtaining more investor confidence, continuing efforts to privatize government assets, and maintaining support from members of Parliament. In March 2006 the United Nations designated the Development Policy Committee, which promised Papua New Guinea and named developing countries to be retreated to the least developed countries due to the prolonged economic and social stagnation

An evaluation by the International Monetary Fund in late 2008 found that a combination of prudent fiscal and monetary policies, high international prices for mineral commodity exports, and Papua New Guinea recently promoted a recovery in economic growth and macroeconomic stability. GDP growth, at more than 6% in 2007, was broad and was expected to continue to be stronger in 2009 but the global economic problem affected expectations

Health: The country suffers from a severe shortage of medical personnel, as it has five doctors for every hundred thousand people, and malaria has caused, during the year 2000 AD, with the death of cases reaching five hundred and thirty-seven cases, and it has the highest rates of infection with HIV and AIDS in Pacific area. Religion: The constitutional right grants the right to freedom of expression, thought, and belief, and for this reason it contains a large and varied community of sects. The Roman Catholic Church leads the largest proportion by 27% of the population, and there is also the Evangelical Lutheran, United, Seventh Day, Pentecostal, Evangelical Alliance, Evangelicals, Baptists, and Christ, Bahá'í