Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka / is an island country located in the northern Indian Ocean, southern Indian subcontinent, in southern Asia. Sri Lanka has a maritime border, in the north, with India, about 31 km away, and with the Maldives, in the southwest

Sri Lanka is located in the Indian Ocean, and is bordered by the Bay of Bengal to the northeast. It is part of the Indian continental mass, separated from India by Manar Bay and the Strait of Palak, and connected to it via Adam Bridge, a chain of coral reefs and small sand islands. The island looks like a pear or a drop of water

The average temperature in low coastal areas is 27 ° C, and in mountainous regions 16 ° C. As for the average annual rainfall, it ranges between 130 cm in the northwest and 510 cm throughout the southwest

Many species of wildlife live in Sri Lanka, such as: bears, birds, crocodiles, elephants, monkeys and snakes. In total, the Sri Lankan natural space embraces 86 species of mammals, 54 fish and 40 frogs, in addition to a wide group of reptiles, including two species of crocodiles and five species of poisonous snakes

The island has a long history of respecting livestock, as the first natural reserve in the world, established by King Devanampia Tisa, since the third century BC. Despite the decline in forested areas due to the intensive cultivation of tea, coffee, and havea, which was introduced by British colonialism, Sri Lanka still has 12 nature reserves, four of which are national parks: Bundala, Yala West, Horton Plains, Oda and Alawi

The tropical rainforest covers most of the southwestern parts of Sri Lanka, and is mainly composed of ebony and large teak trees. In Sri Lanka, there are about 3,000 species of sawn (or fern) and other flowering plants; In addition to Bougainville, Arcade, Poinsettia and Fruit trees. The predominant botanical pattern of the central mountain region is plateau plants such as rhododendron pink

Wildlife in Sri Lanka includes its flora, fauna and natural environment. Sri Lanka has one of the highest percentages of endemic neighborhoods (16% animals and 23% of flowering plants are endemic) in the world although its area is relatively small

According to the International Monetary Fund, 2013 data indicate a value of Sri Lanka gross domestic product (GDP) of $ 65.266 billion, equivalent to $ 255.222 billion in purchasing power parity. Each person’s contribution to the output is $ 3,134 (and $ 6,550 considering purchasing power parity)

And Sri Lanka is the second after the Maldives in South Asia in terms of per capita income. GDP growth recorded 8.3% in 2011, and 6.3% in 2013. Inflation rates improved to 7.4% and unemployment to 4% (2013 statistics), after they were, respectively, in 2001, 14.2 and 7.7 percent. In 2010, it was 8.9% below the poverty line

The Sri Lankan economy relies on an active agricultural sector, the mainstay of which are rice, sugar cane, tobacco and tea; In addition to the agricultural manufacturing sector. Among the most active economic sectors: telecommunications, banking, and the textile industry, in addition to the construction and public works sector. In 2012, the industrial sector grew by 10.3%, which is the fifteenth industrial growth rate in the world for 2012

The Sri Lankan economy has benefited from the return to relative stability and the end of the civil war, which over 26 years has depleted half of GDP. The Sri Lankan government has made important public investments to rebuild and raise the economic marginalization of some regions, in addition to developing and raising the profitability of small and medium enterprises operating in the agricultural sector

The country has suffered from the structural indebtedness of its economy, due to the weak fiscal policy and the heavy public office, but the high growth rates achieved by the economy contributed to reducing the deficit. In 2012 the public deficit rate was 6.5% and the public debt accounted for 79.1% of GDP

Sri Lanka was affected by the economic crisis of 2008-2009, and the growth rate fell to 3.5% due to the impact of agricultural exports on the decline in global demand. In 2012, Sri Lanka devalued its currency, to support the export sector, and to take protective measures to reduce imports. The country still suffers from a structural performance deficit, amounting to $ 3.93 billion in 2012 (from 4.6 billion in 2011), despite the significant contribution of remittances to Sri Lankan expatriates

In 2011, the number of tourists who visited Sri Lanka was 855,975, an increase of 30% compared to 2010. The country's tourism boom is attributed to the return to stability after a quarter of a century of civil war. The most important visiting nationalities are India and Britain