Djibouti

Djibouti

Djibouti / is an Arab country in the Horn of Africa and is a member of the League of Arab States and the African Union. It is located on the western shore of the Bab al-Mandab Strait, and it is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia to the west, south, and Somalia to the southeast, while it looks east to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden

The Republic of Djibouti is located between the 11 ° and 14 ° 12 ° north latitude lines, 30 ° 39 ° and 41 ° east longitude. It is bordered on the north, on the west, on the southwest by Ethiopia, on the southeast by Somalia, on the east by the Gulf of Aden. It covers an area of ​​23,000 square kilometers. The length of the beaches is 800 km and the main highlands are Musa Ali (2010 meters), quality (1715 meters), rainy (1300 meters), and Araya (1200 meters). The most important lakes are a honey lake 170 meters below sea level, an area of ​​115 square kilometers, of which 65 square kilometers is covered with salt and its father's lake

Djibouti is divided into two main ethnic groups, Afar and Somali. The rest of the population consists of Europeans (mostly French and Italian), Arabs and Ethiopians. The turmoil between the Afar nationality and the Issa tribe causes a civil war. Beginning in the year 1990, the Somali nationalist in Djibouti is mostly the Issa tribe

Although the official language is French, the Somali language is widely spread, followed by Afar, and some of them all speak Arabic. Most of the Djiboutians live in cities, and the rest depend on agriculture and grazing. Djibouti, the capital, is a compound for all the people of Djibouti. It is the largest and mostly middle-class city

In the area of ​​health and social welfare, life expectancy in Djibouti is 43.1 years of age. The infant mortality rate is 104.13 deaths per 1,000 live births. HIV / AIDS has a lower rate than many other countries in Africa, as it does not exceed 2.9%. About 67.9% of the population is literate

Djibouti has few natural resources other than low-yield salt. Arid lands provide little agricultural opportunity, there is little mineral wealth, and no oil is found off the coast. The problem is that the people - although more educated than their regional counterparts - employment is not well trained enough to provide skills in international business

The infrastructure does not provide the requirements to attract international business. The main advantage of Djibouti lies in its strategic location. It has a vital port in a wide area of ​​landlocked lands of the country. Since the conflict between Ethiopia and Eritrea began, Djibouti has benefited from Ethiopia by providing an alternative to Eritrean ports. As a neighbor of Somalia and housing a large number of the Somali population, Djibouti has shown interest in the Somali conflict, most notably the hosting of peace talks in the spring of 2000

Muslims constitute 94% of the population of Djibouti (totaling 864,000 people) and the remainder are Christians. Islam entered Djibouti in the early eras of the Islamic call through Arab merchants, and many of its inhabitants are still of pure Arab origin, such as the Omanis, Yemenis, and the rest are descendants of Arab-African origin and among the most famous Arab tribes there are the Afri nationalist tribes and the Somali Al-Issa tribe. In every city in Djibouti, there is a mosque where people go to worship, and the graves of the ancient clergy have turned into sacred areas. The most famous of these places is the shrine of Sheikh Abu Al Yazid, which is located in the Fudi Mountains

French culture has dominated education since independence, as the French have remained in control of education, language and supervision, despite the lack of secondary and basic schools and the scarcity of higher education. Al-Arabi, they rushed to open private schools in the Arabic language on a large scale, so Imam Muhammad bin Saud Islamic University opened an institute that included basic, secondary and post-secondary levels. Education in Djibouti is free and compulsory between the ages of 6 and 12

Although education is free, but additional costs, for example (transportation, books) may prevent poor families from sending their children to school. In 1996 the total primary school enrollment rate was 38.6 percent, and the primary primary school net enrollment rate was 31.7 percent. Both gross and net enrollment rates are lower for females than for males. It was not possible to obtain the primary school enrollment rate in 2001. While enrollment rates indicated a level of commitment and education, it did not always reflect the participation of children in schools

The Djibouti uniform reflects the hot, dry climate of the region. When men don’t wear western clothing like jeans and shirts, they usually wear irons, a saree-like robe that men wear around the waist. The Bedouins wear loose white cotton clothes, a robe called the dress, and cover up below the knee, receiving the other end over the shoulder (such as the Roman blazer)

As for the woman, she usually wears the Dirac, which is a long and light costume made of cotton or polyester that is worn over another full costume. Married women tend to wear scarves, referred to as "gauze", and also often cover the upper body with a shawl known as Garsar. Unmarried young women usually do not always cover their heads. The traditional Arab costume is the robes for male and female veils

For some occasions such as festivals, women may decorate themselves with special jewelry and headdresses similar to those worn by Berber tribes in the Maghreb. A lot of the original Djibouti art is preserved orally, through songs. There are many examples from which Islamic, Ottoman and French influences can be observed in local buildings, which contain gypsum, motifs, and calligraphy